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Table 5 Cross-sectional analysis: percent change (95% CIs) in thyroid hormone concentrations in relation to interquartile range increase in urinary phthalate metabolite concentration by visit during gestation

From: Urinary phthalate metabolites in relation to maternal serum thyroid and sex hormone levels during pregnancy: a longitudinal analysis

Visit 1 (16–20 weeks)

Analyte

% Change (95% CI)

p-value

% Change (95% CI)

p-value

% Change (95% CI)

p-value

 

Free T3 (n = 100 observations)

Free T4 (n = 100 observations)

ln-TSH (n = 100 observations)

MBzP

1.87 (-2.55, 6.37)

0.40

2.44 (-2.77, 7.65)

0.36

12.9 (-0.93, 28.2)

0.07†

MBP

-0.72 (-4.94, 3.29)

0.73

0.26 (-4.58, 5.04)

0.92

1.29 (-10.2, 13.7)

0.83

MiBP

-1.64 (-5.55, 2.42)

0.43

4.95 (0.27, 9.28)

0.04*

1.09 (-10.3, 13.9)

0.86

MEP

-0.20 (-5.37, 5.02)

0.94

-0.05 (-6.10, 6.10)

0.99

0.77 (-13.6, 17.7)

0.92

MCPP

-1.04 (-4.54, 2.62)

0.57

1.41 (-2.83, 5.80)

0.50

-2.57 (-12.7, 8.69)

0.64

MCOP

-0.50 (-4.11, 2.93)

0.78

-0.44 (-4.58, 3.76)

0.83

-0.39 (-10.3, 10.7)

0.94

MCNP

1.05 (-2.27, 4.49)

0.53

0.43 (-3.47, 4.37)

0.83

-2.68 (-11.9, 7.35)

0.58

ΣDEHP

-1.62 (-6.05, 2.85)

0.47

3.09 (-2.17, 8.27)

0.25

7.14 (-6.12, 22.3)

0.30

Visit 3 (24–28 weeks)

 

Free T3 (n = 81 observations)

Free T4 (n = 81 observations)

ln-TSH (n = 81 observations)

MBzP

-2.67 (-8.3, 2.86)

0.34

-2.97 (-12.1, 6.07)

0.51

-4.62 (-20.4, 13.5)

0.58

MBP

-0.57 (-5.68, 4.34)

0.82

-1.46 (-9.67, 6.74)

0.72

9.57 (-6.27, 27.3)

0.25

MiBP

-2.51 (-6.81, 1.70)

0.24

-4.70 (-11.8, 2.08)

0.17

2.74 (-9.94, 17.9)

0.68

MEP

2.76 (-2.68, 8.44)

0.32

4.93 (-3.81, 13.7)

0.27

18.1 (0.00, 37.8)

0.05†

MCPP

-5.93 (-10.2, -1.75)

0.01*

-5.11 (-12.5, 2.22)

0.17

2.41 (-11.1, 17.7)

0.74

MCOP

-5.83 (-10.8, -0.58)

0.03*

-3.02 (-11.5, 5.38)

0.47

-3.35 (-17.1, 13.6)

0.67

MCNP

-1.44 (-5.92, 3.10)

0.54

-6.34 (-14.0, 0.99)

0.09†

5.39 (-8.50, 21.3)

0.46

ΣDEHP

0.05 (-4.49, 4.49)

0.98

-8.02 (-15.3, -0.80)

0.03*

2.79 (-10.8, 18.6)

0.70

  1. CI, confidence interval, TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone. Linear regression models adjusted for age at enrollment, prepregnancy body mass index, and urinary specific gravity.
  2. *P < 0.05.
  3. †P < 0.10.