Afamin serum concentrations are associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome

Table 1 Anthropometric characteristics, hormone concentrations and metabolic profiles of subjects

Parameter	PCOS (n = 53)	Controls (n = 49)	p
	mean ± SD or *median ± IQR.	mean ± SD or *median ± IQR.
Age yrs	27.70 ± 5.33	32.14 ± 7.39	0.001
BMI kg/m ²	28.37 ± 7.14	23.278 ± 4.34	0.001
Waist circumference cm	99.33 ± 13.22	96.00 ± 9.90	0.012
Blood pressure systolic mmHg	124.39 ± 12.78	122.55 ± 12.76	0.532
Blood pressure diastolic mmHg	83.80 ± 12.22	79.74 ± 9.97	0.125
LH U/L*	8.00 ± 5.70	4.35 ± 2.98	0.001
FSH U/L*	5.85 ± 1.63	6.85 ± 3.25	0.037
LH/FSH*	1.51 ± 1.30	0.61 ± 0.37	0.001
E2 ng/L*	49.50 ± 22.25	39.00 ± 28.50	0.060
DHEAS mg/L*	1.94 ± 1.70	1.34 ± 0.95	0.008
Testosterone μg/L*	0.54 ± 0.36	0.22 ± 0.14	0.001
SHBG nmol/L*	35.45 ± 38.18	55.45 ± 35.65	0.003
FAI Index*	5.85 ± 6.14	1.78 ± 1.61	0.001
Fasting glucose mg/dL	87.30 ± 6.94	87.83 ± 8.68	0.734
Fasting insulin U/L*	9,8 ± 10,50	6,65 ± 5,92	0.011
Total cholesterol mg/dL	189.09 ± 33.10	181.43 ± 32.97	0.267
HDL cholesterol mg/dL	57.21 ± 16.79	60.87 ± 15.21	0.274
LDL cholesterol mg/dL	108.00 ± 27.5	96.50 ± 36.25	0.089
Triglycerides mg/dL*	101.00 ± 61.00	81.50 ± 44.75	0.031
AUC Insulin μIU180 min/mL	9935 ± 9762
AUC Glucose mg/dl180 min/mL*	18606 ± 2762	16510 ± 1136	0.201
HOMA Index*	2.16 ± 2.37	1.39 ± 1.24	0.013
Afamin mg/L*	66.43 ± 19.60	62.33 ± 18.53	0.745

Values of variables are given as mean ± standard deviation (SD), or *median ± IQR. Statistically significant p values are shown as bold numbers. AUC: area under the curve.

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