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Figure 3 | Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Figure 3

From: Bilateral uterine vessel ligation as a model of intrauterine growth restriction in mice

Figure 3

Viability of fetuses found at extraction. A-D Macroscopic observation of fetuses. Examples of viable/non viable fetuses and associated placentas are presented. A. Probably viable control fetus with pink/purple coloration and no visible malformation; B. Probably viable test fetus with pink/purple coloration and no visible malformation; C. Not viable test fetus with soft consistency and body malformation; D. Not viable resorbed test fetus. E. Mean fetal viability rates and macroscopic observation of organs. Mean fetal viability was assessed according to macroscopic observation of fetuses and are presented as mean value of data obtained from the different mothers used in each protocol; test animals were associated with lower viability rates. Macroscopic observation of the organs (kidney, liver, spleen, heart, lungs) was based on the following parameters : shape, coloration, consistency, differentiation and presence of blood spots. Macroscopic organ defects were analyzed and recorded from all control and test mice from each protocol ; * results from test mice from P1 are not presented as not relevant (only 7 fetuses were studied). Around 50% of test fetuses from P2 and P3 presented organ defects. NA, Not applicable. F. Mean number of glomeruli from control and viable test kidneys in P3. Estimated number of glomeruli in a total volume of 49,6 μm3 from P3 viable fetuses showed a tendency to decrease in test kidneys compared to control samples.

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