Figure 1

Correlations between serum and seminal insulin (A) and leptin (B) concentrations within the cohort. A significant correlation (r² = 0.83) between serum and seminal insulin concentrations (A) was found; similarly, a significant correlation (r² = 0.52) between serum and seminal leptin (B) concentrations was found. The figures show the distribution of the non-obese and obese groups, reflecting a clear increase in serum and seminal concentrations of both hormones with obesity. x = participants in the non-obese group (circled with the dash lines); □ = participants in the obese group (circled with the dotted line).