Figure 1

Possible actions of TNF and Fas L in the luteal cells. TNF and Fas show multiple actions on luteal cell function through complex intracellular pathways. Fig. 1A shows the possible luteolytic actions of TNF and Fas L in the luteal cells. Fig. 1B shows the possible luteotropic actions of TNF in the luteal cells. * Abbreviations; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), TNF receptor type I (TNFRI), TNF receptor type II (TNFRII), Fas antigen (Fas), Fas ligand (Fas L), interferon-γ (IFN), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF), progesterone (P4), P4 receptor (P4-R), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phospholipase-A2 (PL-A2), arachidonic acid (AA), nuclear factor-κB (NFκB), jun-n-terminal kinase (JNK).