Figure 6

The effect of GnRH on TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation in HES and ESC. Serum-starved HES and ESC were co-treated with TGF-β1 (2.5 ng/ml) and GnRH (0.1 μM) for 15 min and cell lysates from treated (+) and untreated (-) groups were analyzed by immunoblotting for pSmad2/3 and β-actin as loading control, shown from a representative experiment. Bar graph shows the mean ± SEM of fold change in the rate of Smad3 activation from three independent experiments with denotes b, c, b' and c' are significantly different from a and a', respectively (p < 0.05).